Kaliningrad Oblast topographic map

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Astrakhan (Russian: Астрахань, IPA: [ˈastrəxənʲ] ) is the largest city and administrative centre of Astrakhan Oblast in southern Russia. The city lies on two banks of the Volga, in the upper part of the Volga Delta, on eleven islands of the Caspian Depression, 60 miles (100 km) from the Caspian…

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According to a conference paper published in 2016 the crater did not show any signs of stabilization after several decades (since 1980s) of slump growth, with the headwall retreating with observed rates of generally >10 m and up to 30 m per year closer to 2016. Reconstruction of a paleo-surface revealed that…

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Originally the name was just Novgorod (“Newtown"), but to distinguish it from the other, older and well-known Novgorod (Veliky Novgorod) to the west, the city was commonly called “Novgorod of the Lower lands," or “Lower Newtown.” This land was named “lower” (nizhniy (нижний)), even though it…

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The largely unglacierised Kane island has a maximum altitude of 282 m (925 ft). It is about 5.8 km (3.6 mi) in length, measured from north to south. The northeastern tip is called Cape Hellwald (Russian: мыс Гельвальда) while Cape Easter (Russian: мыс Пасхи) is in the southeast.

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