California topographic map

In June 1856, Fernando Wood appointed a "consulting board" of seven people, headed by author Washington Irving, to inspire public confidence in the proposed development. Wood hired military engineer Egbert Ludovicus Viele as the park's chief engineer, tasking him with a topographical survey of the site. The…

Average elevation: 85 ft

Average elevation: 715 ft

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 6.1 square miles (16 km2), of which 6.1 square miles (16 km2) is land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km2) (0.49%) is water. The elevation is about 100 feet (30 m), combined with an inland location, creates more temperature variation in the…

Average elevation: 62 ft

Average elevation: 138 ft

The San Francisco Bay Area is characterized by a diverse and dynamic topography shaped by geological processes over millions of years. This region features a combination of coastal plains, steep hills, and rugged mountains, all influenced by the tectonic activity associated with the nearby San Andreas Fault…

Average elevation: 371 ft

The Appalachian Mountains (French: Appalaches), often called the Appalachians, are a system of mountains in eastern to northeastern North America. The Appalachians first formed roughly 480 million years ago during the Ordovician Period. They once reached elevations similar to those of the Alps and the Rocky…

Average elevation: 4,800 ft

Average elevation: 935 ft

Average elevation: 587 ft

Average elevation: 1,250 ft

Average elevation: 10 ft

Average elevation: 902 ft

Average elevation: 79 ft

El Dorado Hills (EDH), as defined by the 2010 census-designated place (CDP), is at the western border of El Dorado County, between the City of Folsom and the unincorporated community of Cameron Park. The northern limits of the CDP are Folsom Lake and the South Fork of the American River, where river rafters…

Average elevation: 833 ft

Average elevation: 1,417 ft

Average elevation: 3 ft

Agriculture and forestry are major industries. Agriculture includes dryland and irrigated farming and livestock grazing. Livestock are frequently moved between high-elevation summer pastures and low-elevation winter pastures, a practice known as transhumance.

Average elevation: 7,520 ft

Average elevation: 226 ft

Average elevation: 72 ft

Average elevation: 682 ft

Average elevation: 4,649 ft

Average elevation: 787 ft

Average elevation: 12,516 ft

Average elevation: 630 ft

Average elevation: 1,457 ft

Average elevation: 682 ft

Average elevation: 896 ft

Boston has an area of 89.63 sq mi (232.1 km2)—48.4 sq mi (125.4 km2) (54%) of land and41.2 sq mi (106.7 km2) (46%) of water. The city's official elevation, as measured at Logan International Airport, is 19 ft (5.8 m) above sea level. The highest point in Boston is Bellevue Hill at 330 ft (100 m) above sea…

Average elevation: 85 ft

Mauna Loa is the largest subaerial and second largest overall volcano in the world (behind Tamu Massif), covering a land area of 5,271 km2 (2,035 sq mi) and spans a maximum width of 120 km (75 mi). Consisting of approximately 65,000 to 80,000 km3 (15,600 to 19,200 cu mi) of solid rock, it makes up more than…

Average elevation: 13,245 ft

Average elevation: 1,535 ft

Average elevation: 1,565 ft

Average elevation: 26 ft

Average elevation: 577 ft

Average elevation: 20 ft

Average elevation: 1,348 ft

Average elevation: 1,060 ft

Average elevation: 594 ft

Average elevation: 581 ft

Average elevation: 187 ft

Average elevation: 591 ft

Average elevation: 72 ft

Average elevation: 1,568 ft

Average elevation: 72 ft

Average elevation: 591 ft

The core Tug Hill region encompasses 150,000 acres (610 km2) of unbroken, generally second-growth, northern hardwood forest, and is drained by a vast network of streams. Important rivers and streams whose headwaters are located within the Tug Hill region include the Mohawk River, Deer River, Salmon River, Mad…

Average elevation: 358 ft

Average elevation: 1,926 ft

Average elevation: 1,056 ft

Average elevation: 6,814 ft

Average elevation: 1,089 ft

The Black Hills is an isolated mountain range rising from the Great Plains of North America in western South Dakota and extending into Wyoming, United States. Black Elk Peak, which rises to 7,242 feet (2,207 m), is the range's highest summit. The name of the range in Lakota is Pahá Sápa. It encompasses the…

Average elevation: 6,214 ft

Average elevation: 971 ft

Average elevation: 3 ft

Average elevation: 876 ft

Average elevation: 12,756 ft

Average elevation: 0 ft

Average elevation: 545 ft

Average elevation: 571 ft

Average elevation: 2,031 ft

Average elevation: 7,100 ft

Average elevation: 4,967 ft

Average elevation: 1,562 ft

Average elevation: 1,965 ft

Average elevation: 26 ft

Average elevation: 10,617 ft

Average elevation: 151 ft

Average elevation: 528 ft

Average elevation: 354 ft

Average elevation: 1,066 ft

Average elevation: 801 ft

Average elevation: 627 ft

Average elevation: 820 ft

Average elevation: 1,086 ft

Average elevation: 2,142 ft

Average elevation: 968 ft

Average elevation: 728 ft

Average elevation: 3,806 ft

Average elevation: 102 ft

Average elevation: 1,909 ft

Average elevation: 1,135 ft

Average elevation: 3,123 ft

Average elevation: 1,030 ft

Anna Maria Island features a flat, sandy topography typical of a barrier island on the Gulf Coast. With an average elevation of around 15 feet above sea level, the terrain includes broad beaches, low dunes, and narrow stretches of sandy soil, making it highly vulnerable to storm surges and tidal flooding. The…

Average elevation: 7 ft

Average elevation: 43 ft

The confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy rivers is just north-west of Downtown Columbus. Several smaller tributaries course through the Columbus metropolitan area, including Alum Creek, Big Walnut Creek, and Darby Creek. Columbus is considered to have relatively flat topography thanks to a large glacier that…

Average elevation: 837 ft

The climate in San Diego, like most of Southern California, often varies significantly over short geographical distances, resulting in microclimates. In San Diego, this is mostly because of the city's topography (the Bay, and the numerous hills, mountains, and canyons). Frequently, particularly during the "May…

Average elevation: 187 ft

Average elevation: 1,214 ft

Average elevation: 2,336 ft

Average elevation: 833 ft

Average elevation: 436 ft

Average elevation: 1,381 ft

Average elevation: 272 ft

Average elevation: 1,335 ft

Average elevation: 364 ft

Average elevation: 3 ft

Average elevation: 7,310 ft

Port Charlotte is characterized by a predominantly flat and low-lying terrain, typical of Florida’s coastal landscape. The area features a network of waterways, including the Peace River and Charlotte Harbor, which provide ample opportunities for recreational activities like boating and fishing. Elevations…

Average elevation: 13 ft

Tropical cyclones present special dangers and challenges to the entire Keys. Because no area of the islands is more than 20 feet (6.1 m) above sea level (and many are only a few feet elevation), and water surrounds the islands, nearly every neighborhood is subject to flooding as well as hurricane winds. In…

Average elevation: 0 ft

Average elevation: 226 ft

The Santa Cruz Mountains are a region of great biological diversity, encompassing cool, moist coastal ecosystems as well as warm, dry chaparral. Much of the area in the Santa Cruz mountains is considered temperate rainforest. In valleys and moist ocean-facing slopes some of the southernmost coast redwoods…

Average elevation: 755 ft

Timberline Lodge is a National Historic Landmark located on the southern flank of Mount Hood just below Palmer Glacier, with an elevation of about 6,000 ft (1,800 m).

Average elevation: 8,911 ft

Average elevation: 1,709 ft