Europe topographic map

The topography of the United States is characterized by diverse and dynamic landscapes that vary widely across the country. In the east, rolling hills and low mountains transition into the Appalachian Mountains, featuring peaks that generally reach around 6,000 feet (1,829 meters). Moving westward, the terrain…

Average elevation: 1,014 ft

Average elevation: 246 ft

California's topography is characterized by a remarkable diversity that includes expansive mountain ranges, deep valleys, and vast deserts. The Sierra Nevada mountains dominate the eastern part of the state, with peaks such as Mount Whitney rising to 14,494 feet (4,418 meters), making it the tallest point in…

Average elevation: 3,048 ft

Ohio's topography is characterized by a diverse landscape that ranges from the flat plains in the north to the rolling hills and rugged terrain in the southeast. The state can be divided into several distinct regions, including the Great Lakes Plains to the north, the Central Plains in the west, and the…

Average elevation: 912 ft

Iran's topography is diverse and dominated by rugged mountain ranges, which define much of its landscape. To the west, the Zagros Mountains stretch from the northwest to the southeast, with many peaks surpassing 10,000 feet (3,048 meters) in elevation. These mountains form a rugged barrier between Iran's…

Average elevation: 2,579 ft

Pittsburgh, located in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, is characterized by its distinct and varied topography, shaped by the confluence of the Allegheny, Monongahela, and Ohio rivers. The city itself is situated at an average elevation of approximately 764 feet (233 meters) above sea level, with the terrain…

Average elevation: 994 ft

San Francisco is characterized by its striking and varied topography, making it one of the most distinctive cities in the United States. The landscape features a mix of rolling hills and steep inclines, with the highest elevation reaching approximately 922 feet at Twin Peaks. The average elevation across the…

Average elevation: 213 ft

Punta Gorda features a predominantly flat topography characterized by its low elevation, averaging around 7 to 10 feet above sea level. The terrain is primarily made up of coastal plains and wetlands, interspersed with small hills such as those found in South Punta Gorda Heights, which can reach elevations of…

Average elevation: 10 ft

Tennessee features a diverse and varied topography characterized by its distinct regions, which include the Appalachian Mountains, the Central Basin, and the Gulf Coastal Plain. The state’s highest point is Clingmans Dome, rising to about 6,643 feet (2,025 meters) above sea level, while the lowest point is…

Average elevation: 764 ft

Arizona's topography is highly diverse, shaped by three distinct regions: the Colorado Plateau, the Basin and Range Province, and the Transition Zone. The northern Colorado Plateau is characterized by flat, high plains over 4,000 feet in elevation, including the Grand Canyon and its breathtaking cliffs. In…

Average elevation: 4,032 ft

New York City's topography is a fascinating blend of varied elevations and unique landscapes, reflecting its diverse geography across five boroughs. Situated at the confluence of the Hudson and East Rivers, the city primarily features low-lying terrain, with the average elevation hovering around sea level.…

Average elevation: 62 ft

Denver, situated at an elevation of 5,280 feet (1,609 meters), is renowned as the "Mile High City." It is located in the South Platte River Valley, just east of the Rocky Mountains' foothills. The city's topography features a gently sloping landscape characterized by rolling hills and wide valleys,…

Average elevation: 5,525 ft

New Jersey's topography is characterized by a diverse landscape that ranges from coastal plains to rolling hills and rugged mountains. The state features a predominantly low elevation along its eastern coastline, where major cities like Newark and Jersey City are located. This coastal lowland, which includes…

Average elevation: 236 ft

Average elevation: 253 ft

Delaware's topography is characterized by a distinctive blend of low-lying plains and gentle hills, reflective of its geographical positioning on the Atlantic Coastal Plain and the Appalachian Piedmont. The state predominantly features flat terrain, especially in its southern regions, where elevations rarely…

Average elevation: 52 ft

Seattle features a diverse topography characterized by its unique geographical setting between Puget Sound and Lake Washington. The city is situated on an isthmus, which contributes to its dramatic landscape, featuring rolling hills and steep slopes that rise abruptly from the waterfront. The average elevation…

Average elevation: 131 ft

Florida's topography is characterized by its predominantly flat landscape, with the highest elevation being Britton Hill at just 345 feet (105 meters) above sea level, making it the lowest high point of any U.S. state. The state is primarily divided into three physiographic regions: the Atlantic Coastal Plain,…

Average elevation: 20 ft

Manhattan, a densely populated urban island, has a diverse topography characterized by its generally flat terrain interspersed with elevated areas. The average elevation is about 50 feet (15 meters) above sea level, with its highest point reaching approximately 265 feet (81 meters) at Bennett Park in…

Average elevation: 52 ft

Austin features a diverse and varied topography shaped by its position along the Balcones Fault. The city’s elevation ranges from about 425 feet to approximately 1,000 feet above sea level, creating a landscape characterized by rolling hills and elevated areas particularly in the western regions. To the…

Average elevation: 709 ft

Asheville, located in Buncombe County, North Carolina, is characterized by a diverse and picturesque topography primarily shaped by its position within the Blue Ridge Mountains. The city itself sits at an elevation of approximately 2,200 feet, surrounded by peaks that rise significantly higher, such as Mount…

Average elevation: 2,385 ft

Texas showcases a diverse and expansive topography that spans approximately 268,000 square miles (694,117 Km²), making it the second-largest state in the United States. The landscape ranges from the arid deserts of West Texas, characterized by broad valleys and mesas, to the rolling hills of the Texas Hill…

Average elevation: 1,699 ft

Puerto Rico features a diverse topography characterized by a mountainous interior, coastal plains, and stunning beaches. The island's central region is dominated by the Cordillera Central mountain range, which includes the highest peak, Cerro de Punta, rising to 4,390 feet (1,338 meters). These mountains…

Average elevation: 213 ft

Jerusalem is situated on the southern spur of a plateau in the Judaean Mountains, which include the Mount of Olives (East) and Mount Scopus (North East). The elevation of the Old City is approximately 760 m (2,490 ft). The whole of Jerusalem is surrounded by valleys and dry riverbeds (wadis). The Kidron,…

Average elevation: 2,162 ft

Buffalo is characterized by its relatively flat terrain, predominantly lying on the Erie/Ontario Lake Plain, which forms part of the Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands. The city's elevation averages around 607 feet above sea level, with minor variations, particularly in neighborhoods like University Heights, which…

Average elevation: 607 ft

Duluth's topography is distinctive, defined by its hilly terrain and its proximity to Lake Superior. The city is perched on an incline rising sharply from the lake, with elevations ranging from lake level at about 600 feet to approximately 1,400 feet at the ridge tops. This steep gradient creates dramatic…

Average elevation: 938 ft

Savannah is characterized by a unique and varied topography shaped by its coastal location and historical development. The city is situated on a series of low bluffs along the Savannah River, which flows into the Atlantic Ocean approximately 18 miles (29 km) away. The terrain features a mix of flat coastal…

Average elevation: 13 ft

Oregon's topography is strikingly diverse, characterized by an array of geographical features that shape its unique landscape. The state is framed by two significant mountain ranges: the Pacific Coast Range to the west and the Cascade Mountains running north to south through the center. This mountainous…

Average elevation: 3,077 ft

Kansas features a diverse yet subtle topography shaped by its position within the Great Plains. The eastern regions exhibit rolling hills and fertile soil, characterized by the Dissected Till Plains and Flint Hills, where prairie grasses thrive on rocky terrain. As you move westward, the land gradually ascends…

Average elevation: 1,972 ft

The lake was created by the construction of the 2,543-foot (775 m) long Bagnell Dam by the Union Electric Company of St. Louis, Missouri. The principal engineering firm was Stone and Webster. Construction began August 8, 1929, and was completed in April 1931; the lake reached spillway elevation on May 20, 1931.

Average elevation: 869 ft

Oʻahu exhibits a striking and diverse topography shaped primarily by its volcanic origins and subsequent erosion. The island features a rugged landscape dominated by two prominent volcanic mountains, Koʻolau and Waiʻanae, which rise sharply from the coastline, reaching elevations of approximately 4,000…

Average elevation: 259 ft

Mexico City is situated in the Valley of Mexico, an expansive highland region characterized by a unique and varied topography. The city itself rests at an elevation of approximately 7,350 feet (2,240 meters) above sea level, surrounded by formidable mountain ranges, including the Sierra de Guadalupe to the…

Average elevation: 8,593 ft

Miami is characterized by its unique topography, which features a broad coastal plain lying between the expansive Everglades to the west and the tranquil waters of Biscayne Bay to the east. The average elevation across the city is approximately 16 feet (5 meters) above sea level, with some areas dipping…

Average elevation: 16 ft

San Antonio features a diverse topography characterized by gently rolling hills and flat plains. The city's elevation averages around 650 feet above sea level, but nearby areas can reach heights of up to 1,300 feet in certain locations like Cross Mountain​. The landscape is part of the southern edge of the…

Average elevation: 810 ft

Salt Lake City's topography is characterized by a striking contrast between its flat valley floor and the surrounding rugged mountains. The city is situated in the Salt Lake Valley, with an average elevation of approximately 4,237 feet above sea level, making it one of the higher major cities in the United…

Average elevation: 5,223 ft

Omaha features a varied topography characterized by rolling hills and valleys that rise gently from the Missouri River, which forms the city's eastern boundary. The landscape is primarily composed of prairie and hardwood forests, offering a mix of open spaces and wooded areas. Elevations within the city range…

Average elevation: 1,109 ft

Due to differences in latitude and the marked variety in topographical relief, Vietnam's climate tends to vary considerably for each region. Vietnam is a country located in the tropics, however Northern Vietnam, including Hanoi, is considered a subtropical region by Köppen climate classification. During the…

Average elevation: 568 ft

Average elevation: 1,762 ft

Louisville features a diverse topography shaped by the Ohio River and surrounding landscape. The city lies at an elevation of approximately 466 feet (142 meters) and is characterized by rolling hills and valleys, with the highest point in the county reaching about 902 feet (275 meters) at South Park Hill in…

Average elevation: 617 ft

Chattanooga showcases a diverse and striking topography that is defined by its position within the Appalachian region. Nestled between the rugged Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians and the Cumberland Plateau, the city is framed by dramatic hills and valleys, creating a visually compelling landscape. The Tennessee…

Average elevation: 1,086 ft

Idaho's topography is characterized by its remarkable diversity, featuring vast mountain ranges, deep river canyons, and extensive plains. The state is home to over 75 mountain ranges, including the prominent Rocky Mountains and the majestic Sawtooth Range, with peaks like Borah Peak rising to 12,662 feet…

Average elevation: 5,030 ft

Alabama's topography is characterized by a diverse and intricate landscape that varies significantly across its regions. In the northern and northeastern parts, the terrain features the hilly and mountainous Appalachian Highlands, including the notable Cheaha Mountain, which rises to an elevation of 2,407 feet…

Average elevation: 446 ft

Portland features a striking and varied topography characterized by its location at the confluence of the Willamette and Columbia Rivers. The city lies within the fertile Willamette Valley, flanked by the snow-capped Cascade Mountains to the east, including the prominent Mount Hood, and the less elevated…

Average elevation: 253 ft

Lt. Edward Fitzgerald Beale, a U.S. Navy officer in the service of the U.S. Army Corps of Topographical Engineers, was ordered by the U.S. War Department to build a federal wagon road across the 35th Parallel. His secondary orders were to test the feasibility of the use of camels as pack animals in the…

Average elevation: 3,711 ft

It is in a heavily forested area, and much of the community has retained trees for shade and decoration. The terrain is essentially flat, with the exception of topographic variations ranging from 125 to 175 feet between Spring Creek and Flintridge Drive.

Average elevation: 154 ft

Sweden's topography is a diverse tapestry shaped by ancient geological processes and glacial activity. In the west, the Scandinavian Mountains form a natural border with Norway, featuring peaks like Kebnekaise, the country's highest point at approximately 2,097 meters. Moving eastward, the terrain transitions…

Average elevation: 535 ft

Pensacola features a diverse topography characterized primarily by its proximity to the Gulf of Mexico and the sheltered Pensacola Bay. The terrain gently slopes upward from the waterfront, resulting in a gradual elevation that provides natural protection against storm surges, making it somewhat less…

Average elevation: 69 ft

Birmingham has a varied and rugged topography shaped by the nearby Appalachian foothills. The city sits at an average elevation of around 600 feet (183 meters), though it is surrounded by more dramatic terrain that rises higher to 1,000 feet (305 meters) in some areas, particularly to the south and east​.…

Average elevation: 633 ft

Alaska's topography is characterized by dramatic contrasts, featuring a diverse array of mountainous regions, vast plains, and intricate coastlines. The Alaska Range, home to Denali, rises to an elevation of 20,310 feet, making it the highest peak in North America. This mountain range exhibits significant…

Average elevation: 679 ft

Kansas City features a diverse topography characterized by rolling hills and valleys, with elevations ranging from about 794 to 997 feet above sea level. The landscape is shaped by the confluence of the Missouri and Kansas rivers, resulting in a mix of elevated areas and flat river plains. The region's average…

Average elevation: 909 ft

Arkansas, often referred to as the "Natural State," features a diverse topography characterized by rolling hills, extensive forests, and significant river valleys. The landscape is primarily shaped by two major mountain ranges: the Ozark Mountains in the north and the Ouachita Mountains to the south. The…

Average elevation: 512 ft

Average elevation: 1,926 ft

Average elevation: 3,189 ft

Average elevation: 262 ft

Average elevation: 1,001 ft

Wichita features a predominantly flat and gently rolling landscape characteristic of the Great Plains region. The city sits at an elevation of approximately 1,300 feet above sea level and is crisscrossed by several small rivers, including the Arkansas River, which flows through the city, providing a slight…

Average elevation: 1,339 ft

Average elevation: 82 ft

The county boundaries include the lowest point in Ohio, in Miami Township, where the Ohio River flows out of Ohio and into Indiana. This is the upper pool elevation behind the Markland Dam, 455 feet (139 m) above sea level.

Average elevation: 725 ft

Nashville-Davidson, features a diverse topography characterized by its position in the Nashville Basin and the Highland Rim. The terrain is predominantly hilly, with elevations ranging from approximately 385 feet at the Cumberland River to around 1,163 feet in areas like Radnor Lake State Natural Area. This…

Average elevation: 604 ft

Average elevation: 1,260 ft

Tallahassee features a distinctive topography that is characterized by hilly terrain, which is somewhat atypical for the generally flat landscape of the state. The city is located at the southern end of the Red Hills Region and just above the Cody Scarp, with elevations ranging from about 7 feet near its low…

Average elevation: 118 ft

Average elevation: 52 ft

Canada's topography is a diverse tapestry shaped by its vast landscapes and geological history. Dominating nearly half of the country, the Canadian Shield is a massive expanse of ancient, eroded rocks, characterized by a rugged terrain dotted with countless lakes and rivers. To the west, the majestic Rocky…

Average elevation: 833 ft

Virginia's topography is characterized by a diverse landscape that transitions from the Atlantic Coastal Plain in the east to the mountainous regions in the west. The Coastal Plain features flat, low-lying areas that gradually rise to the Piedmont, known for its rolling hills and valleys. Further west, the…

Average elevation: 814 ft

Michigan's topography is characterized by a diverse landscape that transitions from flat plains to rugged hills. The state comprises two peninsulas, with the Upper Peninsula showcasing more pronounced elevation changes, including its highest point, Mount Arvon, which rises to 1,979 feet (603 meters). In…

Average elevation: 850 ft

Average elevation: 1,601 ft

Average elevation: 1,371 ft

The island consists of the largest continuous dryland rim of all atolls in the world. The dryland rim varies in width from a few hundred metres to 2.4 km. Typical of coral atolls, it has a maximum elevation on some dunes on the ocean side of the rim of 9 m (30 ft) above mean low water. The rim nearly encloses…

Average elevation: 0 ft

Italy's topography is characterized by its striking contrast of mountainous regions and coastal plains, offering some of the most varied landscapes in Europe. The northern boundary is dominated by the Alps, which rise dramatically with peaks exceeding 13,000 feet (3,962 meters), creating a rugged frontier with…

Average elevation: 961 ft

The topography of the Bahamas is primarily flat and low-lying, characterized by limestone formations, sandy beaches, and a unique geological feature known as the Great Bahama Bank. Most of the islands have elevations that seldom rise above 30 feet (9 meters) above sea level, with the terrain generally ranging…

Average elevation: 30 ft

Aurora's official elevation, posted on signs at the city limits, is 5,471 feet (1,668 m). However, the city spans a difference in elevation of nearly 1,000 feet (300 m). The lowest elevation of 5,285 feet (1,611 m) is found at the point where Sand Creek crosses the city limit in the northwest corner of the…

Average elevation: 5,548 ft

Average elevation: 564 ft

Average elevation: 617 ft

Grand Rapids is situated in a region characterized by relatively flat terrain that gently undulates, influenced by the glacial activity that shaped much of the Midwest. The city itself sits at an elevation of approximately 640 feet (195 meters) above sea level, with the surrounding landscape showcasing low…

Average elevation: 709 ft

Aside from its rivers, Springfield's second most prominent topographical feature is the city's 735-acre (297 ha) Forest Park. Forest Park lies in the southwestern corner of the city, surrounded by Springfield's attractive garden districts, Forest Park and Forest Park Heights, which feature over 600 Victorian…

Average elevation: 164 ft

Atlanta features a varied topography characterized by its rolling hills and elevated terrain. The city sits at an average elevation of approximately 1,050 feet (320 meters) above sea level, with elevations ranging from about 725 feet (221 meters) to 1,175 feet (358 meters) in the surrounding areas​. This…

Average elevation: 932 ft

Flagstaff, located in Coconino County, Arizona, is characterized by its diverse topography, primarily shaped by its high elevation and volcanic activity. Sitting at around 7,000 feet (approximately 2,130 meters), the city is surrounded by the expansive Coconino National Forest, which features a blend of…

Average elevation: 7,139 ft

Columbus is situated in the rolling hills of the Central Lowlands region, characterized by a predominantly flat to gently undulating terrain. The city itself is nestled on the banks of the Scioto River, which flows northward through the area, providing a picturesque waterfront and a variety of recreational…

Average elevation: 856 ft

South Carolina's topography is defined by three major geographic regions: the Atlantic Coastal Plain, the Piedmont, and the Blue Ridge Mountains. Covering approximately two-thirds of the state, the Atlantic Coastal Plain is characterized by flat, gently rolling terrain that transitions from the sandy beaches…

Average elevation: 279 ft

Pennsylvania's topography is characterized by its rich diversity, ranging from the rugged Appalachian Mountains in the south to the flatlands of the northern plateau. The state's elevation varies significantly, with the highest point being Mount Davis at approximately 3,213 feet (979 meters) and the lowest at…

Average elevation: 1,115 ft

Missouri's topography is marked by a diverse array of landforms that contribute to its unique landscape. The state is characterized by four main physiographic regions: the Ozark Plateau, Dissected Till Plains, Mississippi Alluvial Plain, and the Osage Plains. The Ozark Plateau, located in the south, features…

Average elevation: 827 ft

Colorado's topography is characterized by a diverse range of elevations and landforms, making it one of the most geologically varied states in the U.S. The state is dominated by the Rocky Mountains, which run north to south and include the highest peak in the contiguous United States, Mount Elbert, towering at…

Average elevation: 6,759 ft

Tongatapu is the main island of Tonga and the site of its capital, Nukuʻalofa. It is located in Tonga's southern island group, to which it gives its name, and is the country's most populous island, with 74,611 residents (2016), 70.5% of the national population, on 260 square kilometres (100 square miles).…

Average elevation: 13 ft

Kings Canyon is characterized by some of the steepest vertical relief in North America, with numerous peaks over 14,000 feet (4,300 m) on the Sierra Crest along the park's eastern border, falling to 4,500 feet (1,400 m) in the valley floor of Cedar Grove just ten miles (16 km) to the west. The Sierran crest…

Average elevation: 8,501 ft

Average elevation: 1,132 ft

Average elevation: 10 ft

Ukraine's topography is characterized by a striking contrast of features across its vast landscape. The country predominantly consists of fertile plains and steppes, especially in the central and southern regions, where elevations typically range from sea level to around 600 meters (1,969 feet) above sea…

Average elevation: 600 ft

Dallas features a predominantly flat terrain characterized by elevations generally ranging from 450 to 550 feet (137 to 168 meters) above sea level. The landscape is shaped significantly by the western edge of the Austin Chalk Formation, a limestone escarpment known as the White Rock Escarpment, which rises…

Average elevation: 525 ft

Saint Petersburg features a predominantly flat topography characteristic of the Gulf Coast region. The city's elevation averages around 44 feet (approximately 13.4 meters) above sea level, with some areas dipping to about 15 feet (4.6 meters)​. This relatively low elevation contributes to the area's…

Average elevation: 13 ft

Philadelphia, located at the confluence of the Delaware and Schuylkill Rivers, features a diverse topography characterized by its gentle slopes and valleys. The city lies on the Atlantic Seaboard Fall Line, transitioning from the flat Coastal Plain to the more rugged Piedmont region. This unique geographical…

Average elevation: 144 ft

Turkey's topography is a diverse tapestry of mountains, plateaus, and coastal plains that create a strikingly varied landscape. The country is predominantly characterized by the Anatolian Plateau, a semi-arid highland that stretches across central Turkey, with elevations ranging from 700 to 2,000 meters. This…

Average elevation: 1,598 ft

Average elevation: 190 ft

Somerville's commercial property is not concentrated in a recognized downtown central business district but instead is spread over many different nodes or corridors of business activity. The difference in character ranges from the vibrant nightlife, live music and theaters of Davis Square to the large scale…

Average elevation: 36 ft

Clearwater, situated on the western coast of Florida, features a relatively flat topography typical of the Gulf Coast region. The city lies at an average elevation of around 30 feet above sea level, characterized by gently rolling terrain that transitions smoothly into the expansive beaches along the Gulf of…

Average elevation: 26 ft

Phoenix is characterized by a unique topographical landscape nestled in the Salt River Valley. This valley, at an average elevation of about 1,086 feet, is framed by several prominent mountain ranges, creating a striking contrast between the flat plains and elevated terrains​. Notable peaks such as Camelback…

Average elevation: 1,578 ft

Chicago is characterized by its predominantly flat terrain, with an average elevation of about 579 feet (176 meters) above sea level. The city's landscape is primarily shaped by its proximity to Lake Michigan to the east, which influences local weather and provides a scenic waterfront. While the central areas…

Average elevation: 597 ft

Average elevation: 253 ft

Tulsa, located in northeastern Oklahoma, is characterized by a diverse and rolling topography that marks its transition from the Great Plains to the Ozark foothills. The city's elevation averages around 700 feet (approximately 210 meters) above sea level, with some areas reaching heights of up to 1,050 feet…

Average elevation: 725 ft

Orlando features a predominantly flat terrain characterized by gentle hills and low-lying areas, with elevations typically ranging from 50 to 100 feet above sea level. Despite its overall flatness, the topography includes marshes and wetlands due to the presence of numerous lakes and rivers, contributing to a…

Average elevation: 95 ft

Average elevation: 712 ft

Oklahoma City is situated in a region characterized by diverse topography that reflects the broader geographical features of the state. The terrain predominantly consists of gently rolling plains, which gradually rise in elevation toward the west, where the land transitions into the rugged Arbuckle Mountains.…

Average elevation: 1,188 ft